Suggested citations
AGLC4 | 형법 2015 [Criminal Law of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2015)] [tr Daye Gang].
Bluebook | Hyeongbeob 2015 [Criminal Law of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2015)] translated in Law and North Korea by Daye Gang, https://www.lawandnorthkorea.com/.
Adopted on December 15, Juche 79 (1990), as Decision No. 6 of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on April 29, Juche 93 (2004), as Directive No. 432 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on October 1, Juche 99 (2010), as Directive No. 1105 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on June 7, Juche 100 (2011), as Directive No. 1694 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on April 24, Juche 101 (2012), as Directive No. 2346 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on May 14, Juche 101 (2012), as Directive No. 2387 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on June 19 , Juche 102 (2013), as Directive No. 3232 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on September 26, Juche 102 (2013), as Directive No. 3376 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on November 21, Juche 102 (2013), as Directive No. 3449 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on April 24, Juche 103 (2014), as Directive No. 17 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on January 21, Juche 104 (2015), as Directive No. 324 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
Amended and supplemented on July 22, Juche 104 (2015), as Directive No. 578 of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly
CHAPTER I. THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL LAW
Article 1 (Objectives of Criminal Law)
The criminal law of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea defends the sovereignty of the State and the socialist system and, by establishing the system of criminal liability and the penal codes for crimes, ensures that the people can lead independent and creative lives.
Article 2 (Principle of Preventing Crime)
The State shall attempt to ensure that all citizens respect and strictly observe state laws and take an active part in the fight against crime so as to prevent crime.
Article 3 (Principle of Treating Offenders)
In the treatment of offenders, the State shall strictly adhere to working-class principle and blend legal sanctions with social education on which it will focus.
Article 4 (Principle of Treating Those who Repent Ethnic Treason)
The State shall not probe the history of a person who has worked actively for national reunification, and shall not enquire into his or her criminal liability, even if he or she has committed acts of treason against his or her nation and people.
Article 5 (Principle of Treating Offender Who Surrenders Himself or Herself)
The State shall be lenient and pardon those who sincerely repent their wrongdoings and surrender themselves voluntarily, even if he or she has committed a crime.
Article 6 (Principle of Imposing Criminal Liability Only for Acts Prohibited by Criminal Law)
The State shall impose criminal liability only for acts defined as offences under the criminal law.
Article 7 (Principle of Imposing Penalty)
The State shall consider the dangerousness of the criminal act and the criminal in imposing an appropriate penalty.
Article 8 (The Legal Effect of Criminal Law on Citizen and Territory)
This law applies to citizens of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea who have committed offences. This law also applies to citizens of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea who commit offences outside its territory.
This law also applies to foreigners who have committed offences within the territory of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. However, criminal liability in relation to foreigners who have diplomatic privilege is settled in accordance with diplomatic protocol from time to time.
This law also applies to foreigners outside the territory of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea who oppose the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or commit an offence against a citizen of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.
Article 9 (Principle of Non-Retroactivity and Retroactivity)
The criminal law in force at the time the crime was committed is applied to those who have committed a crime. However, the current law is applied if it does not treat the act as a crime or has decreased the penalty compared to the previous amendment of the criminal law which did treat the act as a crime.
CHAPTER II. GENERAL REGULATIONS
SECTION 1. CRIMES
Article 10 (Concept of Crimes)
Crimes are acts that violate State sovereignty, the socialist system, and law and order intentionally or negligently and are dangerous enough for penalties to be imposed.
Article 11 (Age of Criminal Responsibility)
Criminal liability shall be imposed only on those who were over 14 years of age at the time the crime was committed.
Article 12 (Treatment of Those who Have Committed Socially Dangerous Acts in a State of Mental Illness)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed on those who have committed socially dangerous acts because he or she is unable to judge his or her own conduct or be controlled due to chronic mental illness or temporary mental disorder, and medical procedures may be applied. The foregoing paragraph does not apply to those who have committed a crime while under the influence of alcohol.
Article 13 (Treatment of Criminals in a State of Mental Illness)
If a person who has committed a crime while in a normal mental state is in a state of mental illness at the time of investigation, preliminaries, and trial, medical procedures shall be applied, and criminal responsibility shall be imposed upon recovery.
Article 14 (General Conditions for not Imposing Criminal Liability)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed for acts of little blameworthiness, even if a person has committed an act criminalised under this law.
Article 15 (Self-Defence)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed for acts committed to prevent critical crimes against the national or social interest or against the legitimate interests of other persons or of oneself if not unreasonably disproportionate as defence, even if a person has committed an act criminalised under this law.
Article 16 (Act of Necessity)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed for acts committed as the only way to avoid an emergency situation and the resulting damage is less than the interests protected, even if a person has committed an act criminalised under this law.
Article 17 (Criminal Responsibility of Criminal who Voluntarily Ceased Crime)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed for voluntarily and entirely abandoning a crime while planning or attempting it. However, criminal liability may be imposed where the act committed indicates another grave crime.
Article 18 (Criminal Liability of Criminal who Violated the Victim upon his or her Request)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed in respect of a person who has violated the person of the victim upon his or her request should there be little blameworthiness.
Article 19 (Criminal Liability of Criminal against Family Members or Relatives)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed for a crime committed against a family member or relative upon the pardon or request of a victim. The foregoing paragraph does not apply to intentional murder, intentional manslaughter, homicide induced by fit of rage, homicide beyond justifiable self-defence, involuntary manslaughter, intentional infliction of grave injury, robbery, rape, neglecting the responsibility to protect elderly and children, or abuse and contempt.
Article 20 (Criminal Liability for Planning or Attempt of Crime)
Criminal liability for planning or attempt of crime is imposed by taking into consideration the degree of dangerousness of the crime, the degree of execution, and the cause of failure to complete the crime. The same Article is applied for planning and attempt of a crime as for its completion. Planning of a crime shall be punished more lightly than its attempt, and an attempt more lightly than a completed crime.
Article 21 (Criminal Liability of Partners in Crime in Criminal Organizations)
Criminal liability in relation to leaders and accomplices is imposed according to the Article concerning the crime the organization aimed to commit, and the leader is to be punished more severely.
Article 22 (Criminal Liability of Partners in Crime in Non-Organized Crime)
Criminal liability for abettors and accessories in crimes involving partners in crime which are not organized crime is imposed in accordance with the Article that applies to the principal offender. The abettor shall be punished equally or more heavily than the principal offender, and accessories will be punished more lightly than the principal offender.
Article 23 (Criminal Liability for Partners in Crime to Crimes which Require Special Status)
In relation to crimes requiring a principal offender to have a special status, if the principal offender conspires to commit a crime with a person who does not have the special status required, criminal liability shall be imposed for other principal offenders, abettors and accessories without that special status who are also partners in crime.
Article 24 (Criminal Liability for Those who Harbour an Offender)
Criminal liability in relation to those who were not involved at the commission of the crime and hid the criminal or the evidence of the crime is only imposed in cases provided for under this law.
Article 25 (Criminal Liability for Those who Fail to Report a Crime)
Criminal liability in relation to those who knew that a crime was being planned or has been committed and failed to report to the relevant institution is only imposed in cases provided for under this law.
Article 26 (Criminal Liability for Those who Fail to Prevent a Crime)
Criminal liability in relation to those who fail to prevent a crime despite being able to prevent, or take steps to prevent, an urgent situation and cause grave consequences to arise is only imposed in cases provided for under this law.
SECTION 2. PUNISHMENTS
Article 27 (Types of Penalties)
Types of penalties are the following:
1. Death penalty
2. Life-time term of reform through labour
3. Limited term of reform through labour
4. Short-term labour
5. Deprivation of the right to vote
6. Confiscation of property
7. Monetary penalty
8. Removal of qualifications
9. Suspension of qualifications
Article 28 (Principal Punishments and Supplementary Punishments)
The death penalty, life-time term of reform through labour, limited term of reform through labour, and short-term labour are principal punishments.
Deprivation of the right to vote, confiscation of property, monetary penalty, removal of qualifications, and suspension of qualifications are supplementary punishments.
Article 29 (Death Penalty)
The death penalty is the gravest of penalties, depriving the criminal of his or her physical life.
The death penalty may not be imposed on those who were under 18 years of age at the time of committing the crime, and it may not be executed against pregnant women.
Article 30 (Life-time Term of Reform through Labour and Limited Term of Reform through Labour)
Life-time term of reform through labour and limited term of reform through labour are penalties involving placing the criminal in a kyohwaso and ordering him or her to work. Citizens’ rights are partially suspended during the term of execution of life-time term of reform through labour and limited term of reform through labour. The term of limited term of reform through labour is between 1 year and 15 years. The term of limited term of reform through labour cannot exceed 15 years even where crimes are combined or prison terms are cumulative.
Each day the criminal is detained is calculated as one day of a limited term of reform through labour.
Article 31 (Short-term Labour)
Short-term labour is a penalty involving placing the criminal in a designated place and ordering him or her to work. Citizens’ rights are guaranteed during the term of execution of short-term labour.
The term of short-term labour is between 6 months and 1 year. The term of short-term labour cannot exceed 1 year even where crimes are combined or prison terms are cumulative.
Each day the criminal is detained is calculated as one day of short-term labour.
Article 32 (Deprivation of the Right to Vote)
Deprivation of the right to vote is a penalty involving the deprivation of the right to vote for a certain period in relation to those who have committed crimes against the nation and the people. The trial of cases involving crimes against the nation and the people must also try the issue of deprivation of the right to vote. The term of deprivation of the right to vote is 5 years and is calculated from the day the limited term of reform through labour ends.
Article 33 (Monetary Penalty)
Monetary penalty is a penalty involving the imposition of material sanctions on those who have committed crimes against the nation and the people. The trial of cases involving crimes against the nation and the people must also try the issue of imposing monetary penalty. The amount of monetary penalty shall be decided by the court according to the degree of gravity of the criminal act.
Article 34 (Confiscation of Property)
Confiscation of property is a penalty involving State appropriation of the assets of a person found guilty. In executing the confiscation of property, the State is to leave necessary food, daily necessities, and money for the family of the convicted person to maintain a basic standard of living.
Article 35 (Treatment of Property in case of Cancellation of Confiscation of Property or the Case is Dismissed)
Property confiscated shall be returned if the penalty of confiscation of property is cancelled or the case is dismissed.
Article 36 (Treatment of Debt for a Person whose Property has been Confiscated)
Debt of a person whose property has been confiscated that was incurred before his or her property is confiscated for liquidation shall be repaid using the confiscated property. However, a debt contracted after confiscation for liquidation shall not be repaid from the confiscated property.
Article 37 (Removal of Qualifications)
Removal of qualifications is a penalty which permanently deprives the person convicted of a certain status he or she had. The trial of cases where a certain status was used to commit an intentional crime must also try the issue of removal of qualifications.
Article 38 (Suspension of Qualifications)
Suspension of qualifications is a penalty which temporarily deprives the person convicted of a certain status he or she had. The trial of cases where a certain status was used to negligently commit a crime must also try the issue of suspension of qualifications. The term of suspension of qualifications is 3 years and is calculated from the day the limited term of reform through labour or short-term labour ends.
Article 39 (Determination of Penalty)
Penalties are determined by considering factors such as the character, the aim and motives, ways and means, degree of execution, outcomes, and partners of the crime, and the dangerousness of the criminal. In such cases, the limits of the penalties provided by the applicable Articles of this law shall be taken as the standard.
Article 40 (Aggravating Factors in the Determination of Penalties)
Aggravating factors in the determination of penalties are as follows:
1. When the criminal is the principal offender of the crime;
2. When the criminal has repeatedly committed crimes;
3. When the criminal has used brutal ways and means to commit crime;
4. When the criminal takes advantage of a wartime or disaster situation to commit crime.
Article 41 (Mitigating Factors in the Determination of Penalties)
Mitigating factors in the determination of penalties are as follows:
1. When the criminal is a passive participant to the crime;
2. When the crime is committed as a result of trying to do better at the work the State has entrusted to him or her;
3. When the crime is committed because of strong mental pressure;
4. When the crime is committed as an excess of self-defence or an act of necessity;
5. When the criminal admits to the crime;
6. When a person who has contributed greatly to the country has committed a crime;
7. When the criminal personally compensates or restores property he or she has plundered or damaged;
8. When the victim is found with fault;
9. When the criminal collaborates in detecting a serious crime.
Article 42 (Limits of Imposing a Heavier or Lighter Penalty)
Where there are aggravating or mitigating factors in the determination of penalty, a penalty can be imposed more heavily or more lightly appropriate to the degree of dangerousness of the crime within the limits of up to half the penalty. In this case, the penalty cannot be more than the maximum or less than the minimum of the penalty provided for under the relevant Article.
Article 43 (Cases where the Penalty Imposed is Less than the Minimum of the Penalty Provided for by the Law)
A penalty may be imposed which is less than the minimum of the penalty provided for under the relevant Article if special circumstances justify imposing a penalty which is less than the minimum of the penalty provided for under the relevant Article.
Article 44 (Factors for Combining Crimes)
Different kinds of crimes committed by one criminal are combined if they each individually attract criminal liability. They cannot be combined if different kinds of crimes join to create one crime, or if one kind of crime is a necessary prerequisite to committing another crime.
Article 45 (Determination of Penalty when Crimes are Combined)
When different kinds of crimes committed by one criminal are tried together, penalties are determined according to each crime and to the highest penalty imposed under the Article of the relevant crime is added approximately half of the penalties imposed under the Articles of the remaining crimes. In such a case, the supplementary punishments applicable to the combined crimes are imposed together with the principal punishments. Judgments are handed down under this Article.
Article 46 (Calculation of Different Kinds of Penalties)
When different kinds of penalties are determined as one penalty, the penalty which imposes the heavier sanction is imposed and every 2 days of short-term labour is calculated as 1 day of limited term of reform through labour.
Article 47 (Determination of Penalty for Crimes Committed before the End of a Penalty and Hidden Crimes)
If a person who has been found guilty of a crime commits another crime after the finding of guilt is finalised and before the end of the penalty imposed, or if a hidden crime comes to light, the penalty according to that crime shall be determined and added to the remaining term of penalty.
Article 48 (Interpretation of “more than” and “less than”)
“More than” and “less than” referring to periods of penalties include the number concerned. The period of penalty can be determined not just by years but also by months according to the degree of dangerousness.
Article 49 (Calculation of Period of Penalty Execution)
The period of penalty execution shall be from the day the judgment is handed down to the day the period of penalty ends. The period the criminal is detained will be included in the calculation of the period of penalty execution according to Articles 30 and 31 of this law.
Article 50 (Conditions for Imposing Social Education Procedures)
Social education procedures may be imposed if it is recognised that a person who has committed an ordinary crime can be corrected using social education methods, according to his or her degree of rehabilitation and the degree of dangerousness of the crime.
Article 51 (Legal Effect of Social Education Procedures)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed for a crime for which a person has received social education procedures if the person has not committed a new crime within the time fixed by the law. However, if a person who has received social education procedures commits a new crime or a hidden crime is revealed, a penalty shall be determined in relation to the crime for which he or she received social education procedures and the whole or part of that penalty shall be added to the penalty determined for the newly committed crime or the hidden crime.
Article 52 (Conditions for and Period of Suspension of Execution of Penalty)
If it is recognised in relation to a person who has received a term of reform through labour under 3 years that there is no need to execute the term of reform through labour by sending him or her to a kyohwaso due to his or her degree of rehabilitation and the degree of dangerousness of the crime a judgment may be handed down to suspend the execution of that penalty for between 3 years and 5 years.
A judgment may also be handed down in relation to a person who has received a term of reform through labour under 3 years to suspend the execution of a penalty handed down to pay compensation for between 3 years and 5 years.
Article 53 (Legal Effect of Suspension of Execution of Penalty)
A person who has received a suspension of execution of penalty has not committed a new crime during the period of suspension, it shall be recognised that the judgment handed down in respect of him or her has ended. However, if he or she commits a new crime or a hidden crime is revealed, a penalty shall be determined in relation to the crime for which the execution of penalty was suspended and the whole or part of that penalty shall be added to the penalty determined for the newly committed crime or the hidden crime.
Article 54 (Special Pardon, General Pardon)
The penalty of a person who has been found guilty may be cancelled by a special pardon or a general pardon. Special pardons shall be executed by the First Chairman of the National Defence Commission of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. General pardons shall be executed by the Presidium of the Supreme People’s Assembly.
Article 55 (Reduction of Penalty and Release before Expiration of Term)
A person who has received a limited term of reform through labour or short-term labour who has shown exemplary behaviour during the period of penalty execution may have his or her term of penalty reduced.
If a person who has received a penalty of life-time term of reform through labour, a limited term of reform through labour, or short-term labour is recognised to be completely re-educated, the penalty executed may be reduced by half the term of penalty received for limited term of reform through labour and short-term labour, and after 10 years for a life-term of reform through labour.
Article 56 (Legal Status of a Person who has Completed Serving his or her Penalty)
A person who has received a special pardon or a general pardon, or a person who has completed serving his or her penalty shall receive no legal discrimination in the same way as a person who has not committed a crime from the day he or she received the special pardon or the general pardon or the day the penalty finishes.
Article 57 (Time Limit for Criminal Prosecution)
Criminal liability shall not be imposed if the following time period passes from the time the crime was committed:
1. 3 years for crimes that attract short-term labour less than 1 year;
2. 5 years for crimes that attract a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years;
3. 8 years for crimes that attract a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 5 years;
4. 12 years for crimes that attract a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years;
5. 15 years for crimes that attract a penalty of more than 10 years;
6. 20 years for crimes that attract life-time term of reform through labour or the death penalty.
Article 58 (Criminal Prosecutions where Time Limits are not Applied)
Criminal liability shall be imposed without regard for time limits on criminal prosecution for crimes against the nation and the people and for intentional murder.
Article 59 (Grounds for Restarting the Calculation for Time Limits on Criminal Prosecutions)
If a criminal commits a new crime, evades the preliminaries or the trial, or a decision is made to commence the investigation before the expiration of the periods provided under Article 57 of this law, the calculation of the time limit on criminal prosecutions resets from that day.
CHAPTER III. CRIMES AGAINST THE NATION AND THE PEOPLE
SECTION 1. CRIMES AGAINST THE NATION
Article 60 (Conspiracy to overthrow the government)
A person who participates in a coup d’etat, riot, demonstration or assault, or takes part in a conspiracy with a purpose against the nation, shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to life-term of reform through labour or to the death penalty and confiscation of property.
Article 61 (Terrorism)
A person who has murdered, abducted or inflicted injury upon cadres and people with a purpose against the nation shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to life-term of reform through labour or to the death penalty and confiscation of property.
Article 62 (Propaganda against the Nation and Incitement)
A person who has spread incitement or propaganda with a purpose against the nation shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 63 (Treason against the State)
A citizen who has committed an act of treason against the state, such as by betraying the State and escaping to another country or surrendering, defecting or giving over secrets, shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to life-term of reform through labour or to the death penalty and confiscation of property.
Article 64 (Espionage)
A person who is not a citizen of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and searches out, collects, or supplies secrets with the purpose of spying on our country shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 65 (Sabotage)
A person who has committed an act of sabotage with a purpose against the nation shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In cases where the person has committed the acts in the foregoing paragraph several times or has colluded with others, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to life-term of reform through labour or to the death penalty and confiscation of property.
Article 66 (Armed Interference and Incitement of Severance of Diplomatic Relations)
A person who has enticed or provided funds to another country or a group in another country with the purpose of causing a foreign national to commit armed interference against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or to sever diplomatic relations or to terminate an agreement entered into with the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 67 (Antagonistic Acts against Foreigners)
A person who has violated the body or property of a foreign national staying in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea with the purpose of weakening the relationship between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and another country shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
SECTION 2. CRIMES AGAINST THE PEOPLE
Article 68 (Treason against the People)
A person who has committed acts of treason against the people by oppressing the struggle for our Korean people’s national liberation and national reunification under imperialist rule or by betraying the interests of the Korean people to imperialists shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to life-term of reform through labour or to the death penalty and confiscation of property.
Article 69 (Oppression of the Movement to Liberate the Korean People)
A foreign national who has oppressed the struggle for our Korean people’s national liberation and national reunification shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 70 (Antagonism against the Korean People)
A foreign national who violates the person or property of a Korean national who is residing or staying overseas or stirs ethnic disharmony with the purpose of showing hostility to the Korean people shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
SECTION 3. HARBOURING, FAILING TO REPORT, FAILING TO PREVENT CRIMES AGAINST THE NATION AND THE PEOPLE
Article 71 (Harbouring for crimes against the nation and the people)
A person who has committed a crime against the nation and the people or a person who has hidden the evidence of the crime shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 4 years.
Article 72 (Failure to Report Crimes against the Nation and the People)
A person who knowingly fails to report a criminal or a crime against the nation and the people to the authorities concerned shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 73 (Failing to Prevent Crimes against the Nation)
A person who knowingly fails to prevent a crime against the nation despite being able to urgently prevent it by devising a plan shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
CHAPTER IV. CRIMES OF VIOLATING NATIONAL DEFENCE ADMINISTRATION AND ORDER
Article 74 (Neglect to execute order, decision, or direction)
A person who does not promptly or correctly execute an order of the Premier of the Democratic People’s Republic, the Chairman of the National Defence Commission or the First Chairman of the National Defence Commission, an order, decision or directions of the Supreme Commander or the Central Military Commission, or the decision or directions of the National Defence Commission shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where the person has committed the acts in the foregoing paragraph several times, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. If the order, decision, or directions were not executed at all or the act in the first paragraph caused particularly grave consequences, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 75 (Neglect to Create Strategic Supplies Reserves and Wartime Production Preparation)
A person who has neglected to create strategic supplies reserves and prepare for wartime production shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases of the act in the first paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 76 (Pillage of Weapons, Ammunition, or Combat Technology Equipment)
A person who has pillaged weapons, ammunition, or combat technology equipment shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where the person has pillaged weapons, ammunition, or combat technology equipment several times or in large amounts, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 77 (Illegally Carrying or Transferring Weapons or Ammunition)
A person who is illegally carrying or has transferred to another weapons or ammunition shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 78 (Illegal Destruction of Weapons, Ammunition, Combat Technology Equipment or Military Facilities)
A person who has illegally destroyed weapons, ammunition, combat technology equipment and military facilities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where large amounts of weapons, ammunition or combat technology equipment or important military facilities have been destroyed or if arson or bombing was used for the destruction, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 79 (Negligent Destruction of Weapons, Ammunition, Combat Technology Equipment or Military Facilities)
A person who has negligently destroyed a large amount of weapons, ammunition or combat technology equipment or important military facilities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 80 (Violation of Orderly Workflow of Military Security)
A person who has been mobilized to civilian military training who breaks the orderly workflow of security and harms the subject of the security shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 81 (Interference with Performance of Military Duties)
A person who has caused grave consequences by interfering with the performance of military duties such as security, blocking, controlling, or secret communications duty shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 82 (Loss of Military Supplies)
A person who loses military supplies shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 83 (Sale of Military Supplies)
A person who knowingly buys or sells military supplies shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 84 (Causing Interference in the Production of Military Supplies)
A person who causes interference in the production of military supplies by not assuring the production or quality of facilities, raw materials, fuel, electricity, or resources required for the production of military supplies shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 85 (Production of Defective or Disqualified Military Supplies)
A military supplies production worker who produces defective or disqualified military supplies by breaking the order of technical regulations, standard operation manual, product specifications or product inspection codes shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 86 (Misappropriation of Resources for Military Supply Production or Military Supplies)
A military supplies production supervisor who misappropriates resources for military supply production or the military supplies produced shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 87 (Evasion of Mobilization for Military Service)
A person who evades mobilization for military service shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases of committing the act in the first paragraph in times of war or in a quasi-state of war, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 88 (Harbouring an Evader or Deserter)
A person who knowingly hides a person who evades mobilization for military service or a deserter shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 89 (Disguising Oneself as a Soldier)
A person who commits a socially dangerous act by disguising himself or herself as a soldier shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 90 (Leakage of a National Defence Secret)
A person who leaks a national defence secret shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where he or she leaks an important national defence secret, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
CHAPTER V. CRIMES OF VIOLATING THE SOCIALIST ECONOMY
SECTION 1. CRIMES OF VIOLATING PROPERTY OWNED BY THE STATE OR SOCIAL, COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATIONS
Article 91 (Theft of Property of the State)
A person who steals the property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount of property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations has been stolen, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 4 years. In cases where an especially large amount of property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations has been stolen, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 4 years and less than 9 years.
Article 92 (Taking Property of the State)
A person who takes the property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where the person has committed the acts in the foregoing paragraph several times or has colluded with others, or has taken large amounts of the property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 6 years. In cases where an especially large amount of property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations has been taken, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 6 years and less than 10 years.
Article 93 (Obtaining Property of the State by Deception)
A person who obtains property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations by deception shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount of property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations has been obtained by deception, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In cases where an especially large amount of property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations has been obtained by deception, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 8 years.
Article 94 (Embezzlement of Property of the State)
A person who is authorized by an institution, enterprise or organization to carry out certain duties or a supervisor who is required by work or a temporary authorization to store and manage property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations and embezzles it shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount of property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations has been embezzled, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In cases where an especially large amount of property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations has been embezzled, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 95 (Plundering a Large Amount of Property of the State)
In cases where the total amount plundered is a large amount from the several acts indicated in Articles 91 to 94 of this law, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 96 (Robbery of Property of the State)
A person who robs property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations using violence or threats against a person’s life or health shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In cases where the person has robbed property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations several times or has colluded with others, or has robbed a large amount, or has used a weapon to rob, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 97 (Particularly Grave Cases of Plundering Property of the State)
In particularly grave cases of plundering property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations, a person shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 98 (Collective Corruption for Property of the State)
A person who has directed or organized collective corruption for property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 99 (Intentional Damage to Property of the State)
A person who has intentionally damaged property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
In cases where a large amount or important means of production or facility has been damaged or if arson or bombing was used for the damage, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 100 (Negligent Damage to Property of the State)
A person who has negligently damaged property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
SECTION 2. CRIMES OF VIOLATING THE ORDER OF ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
Article 101 (Counterfeiting and using counterfeit coins)
A person who uses currency of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or currency of a foreign country knowing that it is counterfeit shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who counterfeits or has used a large amount of counterfeit currency shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In cases where a particularly large amount of currency has been counterfeited, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 102 (Counterfeiting Securities and Use of Counterfeited Securities)
A person who counterfeits marketable securities or has used a large amount of counterfeit marketable securities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount of marketable securities has been counterfeited or a particularly large amount of counterfeit marketable securities has been used, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 103 (Illegal Issue, Payment and Use of Cashless Payment Method)
A person who has illegally issued, paid through or used a cashless payment method to cause a large amount of property loss shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a particularly large amount of property loss has been incurred due to the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 104 (Violation of Order of Loans)
A bank worker who illegally loans cash shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a particularly large amount of property loss has been incurred due to the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 105 (Violation of Order of Currency Exchange)
A person who violates the order of currency exchange and causes the State to incur property loss shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 106 (Sale of Currency)
A person who has purchased currency capable of being exchanged at a bank of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea for selfish purposes shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 107 (Violation of Order of Foreign Currency Management)
A person who violates the order of foreign currency management shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 108 (Violation of Order of Foreign Currency Use)
A person who violates the order of foreign currency use shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 109 (Tax Evasion)
A foreign investment enterprise and foreigners who intentionally have not paid tax or have paid less tax shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 5 years.
Article 110 (Violation of Order of Payments to the State)
A person who has failed to pay a large amount of payments to the state shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a particularly large payment to the state has not been paid, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 111 (Illicit Trade)
An individual who engages in acts of illicit trade and receives a large profit shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a particularly large profit has been obtained due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 112 (Brokerage)
An individual who engages in acts of brokerage and receives a large profit shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a particularly large profit has been obtained due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 113 (Usury)
An individual who habitually engages in acts of usury shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 114 (Enterprises and Operations of Individuals)
An individual who draws a large profit from enterprises and business operations shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 115 (Trade and Foreign Currency Earning Institutions, Commercial Activities by Organizations)
A worker of a trade and foreign currency earning institutions or organizations who illegally conducts commercial activities with supplies brought in from other countries shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 116 (Pretending to be a Corporate Body)
A person who causes grave consequences by pretending to be a corporate body and conducting economic transactions shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 117 (Violation of Patent Rights, Trademark Rights, Industrial Design Rights, Place of Origin Rights)
A person who violates patent rights, trademark rights, industrial design rights or place of origin rights shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 118 (Smuggling and Trafficking in Precious Metals or Metals)
A person who smuggles or traffics in precious metals or metals shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount of precious metals or metals have been smuggled or trafficked, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In particularly grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 119 (Smuggling)
A person who has committed acts of smuggling shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount of product or a product controlled by the State has been smuggled, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 120 (Violation of Order of Exports and Imports)
A person who has illegally organized or directed acts of exports and imports shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 121 (Violation of Order of Foreign Economic Activity)
A person who causes property loss by irresponsibly conducting foreign economic activity shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 122 (Illegally Mobilizing a Source of Foreign Currency)
A person who illegally gives individuals money or goods to mobilize a source of foreign currency shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has mobilized as a source of foreign currency products controlled by the State, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 123 (Illegal Work or Transportation)
A person who uses the machine equipment and transportation methods of an institution, enterprise or organization to illegally work or transport products to give and receive a particularly large amount of money or products in return shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 124 (Violation of Order of Railway, Waterborne, Aviation Transport)
A person who has violated the order of railway, waterborne or aviation transport and caused a large amount of property loss or caused interference in their normal operations or has caused grave injury or death to another person shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a train, ship or plane overturns or is destroyed or several people incur grave injury or several people die due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the first paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 125 (Violation of Order of Use of a Freight Car or Cargo Boat)
A person who has violated the order of use of a freight car or cargo boat and caused delay to the freight car or cargo boat for a significant period shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 126 (Interference with Transportation Methods Operation)
A person who has caused delay by interfering with the operation of transportation methods shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 127 (Violation of Regulations of National Economic Plan)
A person who causes interference with the planned and balanced development of the national economy by irresponsibly making the local area or enterprise indicator plans, or by fixing the plan or falsely reporting the implementation progress of the plan or by not implementing according to the plan shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who causes interference with the planned and balanced development of the national economy by irresponsibly making the central indicator plan, or by fixing the plan or falsely reporting the implementation progress of the plan or by not implementing according to the plan shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 128 (Violation of Regulations of Contract)
A person who causes interference with the planning and implementation of the national economy by breaking the regulations of a contract shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who causes interference with the planning and implementation of the national economy by breaking the regulations of a contract based on central indicator plans shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 129 (Violation of Order of Supply, Storage and Use of State Supplies Reserves)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating the order of supply, storage and use of State supplies reserves shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 130 (Violation of Order of Storage and Supply of Drugs, Poisons and Explosives)
A person who has violated the order of storage and supply of drugs, poisons or explosives shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 131 (Illegal Economic Administration)
A person who has administered the economy illegally shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 132 (Illegally Lending Property of the State to an Individual)
A person who has illegally lent property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations to an individual shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 133 (Misappropriation or Waste of Raw Materials, Resources, Funds, Facilities)
A person who has caused interference to economic administration and operation or caused property loss to State or social, cooperative organizations by misappropriating or wasting raw materials, resources, funds or facilities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 134 (Decomposition or Spoiling or Loss of Property of the State)
A person who has irresponsibly stored and administered the property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations and caused a large amount of property to decompose or spoil or be lost shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a particularly large amount of property of the State or of social, cooperative organizations has decomposed or spoiled or been lost due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 135 (Illegal Disposal of Facilities, Supplies, Resources or Funds)
A person who has illegally given, taken, exchanged or bought or sold facilities, supplies, resources or funds between institutions, enterprises or organizations shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 136 (Plundering Property to Give over to an Institution)
A person who plunders a large amount of property to use in his or her institution, enterprise or organization, or to give it over to another institution, enterprise or organization shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a particularly large amount of property has been plundered or property has been plundered using methods of robbery to use in his or her institution, enterprise or organization, or to give it over to another institution, enterprise or organization, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 137 (Production of Defective Goods or Disqualified Goods)
A person who violates the order of technical regulations, standard operation manuals, specifications or process inspection codes to produce or cause to produce a large amount of defective goods or disqualified goods shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 138 (Violation of Order of Quality Control)
A person who violates the order of quality control shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 139 (Violation of Order of Repair of Means of Production)
A person who causes grave consequences by violating regulations on the repair of means of production shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 140 (Violation of Order of Equipment Inspection and Maintenance)
A person who causes grave consequences by violating the order of equipment inspection and maintenance shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 141 (Defective Design and Defective Construction)
A person who cause grave consequences through defective design or defective construction shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 142 (Violation of Order of Use of State Buildings)
A person who has violated the order of use of State buildings shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 143 (Violation of Pre-Delivery Inspection and Order of Permission for Use)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating pre-delivery inspection of construction and the order of permission for use of machines and facilities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 144 (Allowing Use of Construction or Machines and Facilities without Receiving Pre-Delivery Inspection or Permission for Use)
A person who has caused grave consequences by allowing the use of construction or machines and facilities without receiving pre-delivery inspection or permission for use shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 145 (Construction of Facilities or Manufacture of Machine Equipment without Benefit)
A person who constructs facilities or manufactures machine equipment knowing that it has little to no economic benefit and wastes a particularly large amount of resources, funds and labour shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 146 (Violation of Order of Use of State-Owned Private Home)
A person who has violated the order of using a State-owned private home shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 147 (Violation of Order of Agricultural Production)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating the order of agricultural production shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 148 (Veterinary Epidemic Prevention and Feeding and Management)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating the order of veterinary epidemic prevention and feeding and management shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 149 (Violation of Order of Fish Farming Production)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating the order of fish farming production shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 150 (Violation of Order of Coastal Fish Farming)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating the order of coastal fish farming shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 151 (Violation of Order of Product Supply)
A person who has caused great inconvenience to people’s standard of living by not taking over products at the right time or by violating the order of product supply shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 152 (Violation of Order of Product Sales)
A person who has violated the order of product sales shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 153 (Violation of Order of Food Policy)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating the order of food policy shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 154 (Bootlegging)
A person who commits acts of bootlegging with the purpose of business or bartering shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 155 (Violation of Measuring Equipment Regulations)
A person who has illegally fixed the markings and volume on measuring equipment or a person who has used measuring equipment knowing that its markings and volume are wrong shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 156 (Violation of Order of Electricity Supply)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating the order of electricity supply shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 157 (Violation of Order of Electricity Use)
A person who has wasted a large amount of electricity by violating the order of electricity supply shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 158 (Violation of Order of Communications Activities)
A person who has caused grave consequences by violating the order of communications activities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 159 (Violation of Order of Maritime Affairs Supervision)
A person who has caused grave consequences by irresponsibly deliberating on ship design, inspecting and registering ships, or registering and evaluating technical qualifications of sailors shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 160 (Evading the Duty to Salvage)
A person who has caused grave consequences by being requested to salvage and failing to rescue a person, ship or cargo shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 161 (Violation of Order of Price Determination)
A person who has violated the order of price determination shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 162 (Theft of Heating)
A person who causes grave consequences to heating supply by illegally taking heating shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 163 (Violation of Order of Residents’ Fuel Supply)
A person who has caused grave consequences for people’s standard of living by irresponsibly engaging in residents’ fuel procurement activities or violating the order of supply shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
SECTION 3. CRIMES OF VIOLATING LAND ADMINISTRATION AND THE ORDER OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Article 164 (Violation of Order of Land Use)
A person who has violated the order of land use shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 165 (Negligence in Flood Prevention)
A person who causes grave consequences by failing to make flood prevention policy shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 166 (Violation of Order of Development, Mining and Refining of Underground Resources)
A person who has violated the order of development, mining and refining of underground resources shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 167 (Gathering and Refining Ore by an Individual)
An individual who has gathered and refined ore shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 168 (Violation of Order of Afforestation, Protection, Use of the Forest)
A person who has caused a large amount of property loss to forest resources by violating the order of its afforestation, protection and use shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 169 (Intentional Damage to Forest)
A person who has intentionally damaged forest shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount or a main target site of forest has been damaged, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 170 (Negligently Causing Forest Fire)
A person who causes loss in forest resources by negligently causing forest fire shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount or a main target site of forest has been damaged, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 8 years.
Article 171 (Illegal Forest Clearing)
A person who illegally clears forest shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 172 (Violation of Order of Marine Products and Animal and Plant Resources Protection)
A person who catches or gathers fish or beneficial animal or plant resources without authorization or at a prohibited time and place or using prohibited ways and means shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 173 (Violation of Order of Environmental Protection)
A person who violates the order of environmental protection and pollutes the air, water or soil shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 174 (Damage to River Conservation Facilities)
A person who has damaged river conservation facilities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who causes grave consequences by damaging river conservation facilities shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 175 (Violation of Order of Road Management)
A person who has caused interference in the operation of transportation methods by failing to properly repair, service or maintain the roads shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
SECTION 4. CRIMES OF VIOLATING THE ORDER OF LABOUR ADMINISTRATION
Article 176 (Failure to Have Labour Protection and Labour Safety Facilities)
A person who causes a person grave injury or death or a large amount of property loss by requiring labour without having labour protection and labour safety facilities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where several people incur grave injury or several people die or a particularly large amount of property loss is incurred due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 177 (Violation of Order of Labour Safety)
A person who causes a person grave injury or death or a large amount of property loss by violating the order of labour safety shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where several people incur grave injury or several people die or a particularly large amount of property loss is incurred due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 178 (Violation of Fire Protection Regulations)
A person who causes people to incur grave injury or die or a large amount of property loss is incurred due to a grave accident such as a fire or explosion by failing to adopt fire protection measures shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where several people incur grave injury or several people die or a particularly large amount of property loss is incurred due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 179 (Traffic Accident)
A person who drives a wheeled vehicle such as a car and violates the order of vehicle traffic and causes people to incur grave injury or die or a large amount of property loss is incurred shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where several people incur grave injury or several people die or a particularly large amount of property loss is incurred or a person causes and escapes the scene of an accident due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 180 (Violation of Order of Socialist Distribution)
A person who intentionally miscalculates the volume and quality of labour to unfairly apply a large amount of distribution, living expenses or rewards shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 181 (Compelling a Minor to Work)
A person who compels to work a minor who has not reached working age shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 182 (Compelling a Woman to Work in Prohibited Labour)
A person who compels a woman to work in labour prohibited by law shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
CHAPTER VI. CRIMES OF VIOLATING SOCIALIST CULTURE
Article 183 (Importing and Disseminating Degenerate Culture)
A person who imports without authorization, creates, disseminates or illegally stores materials which reflect degenerate, erotic and vulgar content such as drawings, photographs, books, songs or films shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where the importing, creation, dissemination or storage has happened several times or in a large amount, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 184 (Committing Degenerate Acts)
A person who has seen or listened to reproduced acts which reflect degenerate, erotic and vulgar content such as drawings, photographs, books, songs or films shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where the person has habitually committed the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 185 (Listening to Hostile Broadcasts and Collection, Storage, Dissemination of Hostile Goods)
A person who has listened to enemy broadcasts or collected, stored or disseminated hostile goods without a purpose against the nation shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where the person has habitually committed the acts in the foregoing paragraph or has collected, stored or disseminated a large amount of hostile goods, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 186 (Intentional Damage to Historical Sites, Artefacts, Scenic Places, Natural Monuments)
A person who has intentionally damaged historical sites, artefacts, scenic places or natural monuments conserved and managed by the State shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 187 (Negligent Damage to Historical Sites, Artefacts, Scenic Places, Natural Monuments)
A person who has negligently damaged historical sites, artefacts, scenic places or natural monuments conserved and managed by the State shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 188 (Robbing Historical Sites)
A person who robs historical sites shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 189 (Smuggling and Trafficking Historical Artefacts)
A person who smuggles or traffics historical artefacts shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has smuggled or trafficked historical artefacts which are national treasures or has smuggled or trafficked historical artefacts which are national treasures several times, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 190 (Stifling Writing, Invention, or an Original Design)
A person who stifles writing, an invention, or an original design by wrongly evaluating it because of greed, jealousy or other ignoble motives shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 191 (Stealing Writing, Invention, or an Original Design)
A person who publishes another person’s writing, invention or original design in his or her name for selfish purposes shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 192 (Trespassing in Computer Network)
A person who trespasses in the computer network of State administration, national defence construction or field of advanced science and technology shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 193 (Damage to Information)
A person who has damaged important information stored on a data processing unit such as a computer shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 194 (False Information)
A person who has entered or disseminated false information in a computer network and created confusion in data processing because of greed, jealousy or other ignoble motives shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 195 (Violation of the Order of Training the Younger Generation)
A person who has acted unfairly in the work of recommendations and admissions to schools, evaluations of ability and placements shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 196 (Violation of the Order of Athlete Selection)
A person who has caused grave consequences by not properly selecting athletes to compete at an important sporting competition shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 197 (Violating order of child protection and management)
A creche or kindergarten worker who causes a child grave injury or death by violating the order of child protection and management shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 198 (Medical Accident)
A medical worker who causes a patient to fall gravely ill or causes grave injury or death by treating them or caring for them insincerely or wrongly shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 199 (Refusal to Treat)
A medical worker who causes a patient to die by not having a special reason for refusing to visit and treat shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 200 (Illegal Medicine)
A person who is not a medical worker, or even if a medical worker, one who engages in medical practice for selfish purposes beyond compulsory activities, who causes a patient to fall gravely ill or causes grave injury or death shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 201 (Production of Defective Medicine)
A person who has caused a patient to fall gravely ill or die by incorrectly manufacturing or irresponsibly inspecting medicine shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 202 (Manufacture and Sale of Fake Medicine or Food)
A person who knowingly manufactures and sells fake medicine or food that are harmful to a person’s life or health shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who has caused a person to fall gravely ill or die or become a person with disability due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, or has manufactured or sold large amounts of fake medicine or food, shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 203 (Neglect of Hygiene and Epidemic Prevention Activity)
A person who has caused grave consequences by irresponsibly conducting hygiene and epidemic prevention activity shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 204 (Neglect of Border Quarantine Activity)
A person who irresponsibly conducts quarantine activity of people, products and animals and plants which cross the border and causes an infectious disease or pests to enter shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 205 (Acquisition, Trade or Use of Human Organs, Foetus or Blood)
A person who acquires materials such as human organs, foetus or blood to treat an illness or for selfish purposes shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has traded in or used human organs, foetus or blood with the purpose of treating an illness, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 206 (Illegal Opium Cultivation and Manufacture of Drugs)
A person who has illegally cultivated opium or manufactured drugs shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount of opium has been cultivated or drugs manufactured, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In cases where a particularly large amount of opium has been cultivated or drugs manufactured, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the third paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a life-time term of reform through labour or to the death penalty.
Article 207 (Illegal Drug Use)
A person who illegally uses drugs shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 208 (Smuggling and Trade of Drugs)
A person who smuggles or trades drugs shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a large amount of drugs has been smuggled or traded, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In cases where a particularly large amount of drugs has been smuggled or traded, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the third paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a life-time term of reform through labour or to the death penalty.
CHAPTER VII. CRIMES OF VIOLATING THE ORDER OF GENERAL ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
SECTION 1. CRIMES OF VIOLATING THE ORDER OF GENERAL ADMINISTRATION
Article 209 (Mass Disturbance)
A person who fails to follow the direction of a State institution and causes a mass disturbance shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where acts in the foregoing paragraph used a weapon or deadly weapon or caused a person grave injury or death or it appears that a large amount of property has been destroyed, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. The principal agent of an act in the second paragraph shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 210 (Interference with Execution of Duties)
A person who interferes with a supervisor’s execution of duties by using methods of assault, threats or insults shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where acts in the foregoing paragraph create confusion in the work of the sector concerned, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 211 (Fabrication and Dissemination of False Rumours)
A person who creates societal confusion by fabricating or disseminating false rumours that can create distrust about the State shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 212 (Illegal Use and Forgery of Official Approval)
A person who has illegally used or forged or knowingly used a forged official approval shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 213 (Illegal Disposal, Forgery, Use of Documents and Certificates)
A person who hides or disposes of or forges or knowingly uses a forged document or certificate for selfish purposes or ignoble motives shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 214 (Violation of Order of Publication)
A person who causes grave consequences by violating the order of publication and prints, publishes or disseminates a publication or types or copies it, or violates the order of production or dissemination of electronic media shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 215 (Illegal Manufacture, Carry, Use, Transfer of Explosives and Toxic Substances)
A person who has illegally made or possessed or used or transferred to another explosives or toxic substances shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person who has illegally made or possessed or used or transferred to another a large amount of explosives or toxic substances, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 216 (Violation of the Order of Dangerous Material Transportation)
A person who violates the order of dangerous material transportation and transports, posts, or posts for another substances which are radioactive, explosive, flammable or toxic shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has transported, posted, or posted for another a large amount of substances which are radioactive, explosive, flammable or toxic, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 217 (Violation of the Order of Workflow of Security)
A person who harms a subject of security by violating the order of workflow of security shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 218 (Neglect of Independent Duties)
A person who is not a supervisor who causes grave consequences by failing to responsibly perform his or her independent duties shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 219 (Intentional Leakage of Secret)
A person who intentionally leaks a State secret shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where an important State secret has been leaked or the leakage of a State secret has caused grave consequences, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 220 (Negligent Leakage of Secret)
A person who negligently leaks a State secret or loses a confidential State document shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 221 (Illegal Border Entry and Exit)
A person who illegally enters and exits at the border shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 222 (Illegal International Communications)
A person who illegally communicates internationally shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 223 (Trespass in Territorial Airspace or Territorial Waters)
A foreign national who navigates an airplane or ship without authorization into the territorial airspace or territorial waters of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or exits territorial airspace or territorial waters or violates the designated sea route or flight altitude shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 224 (False Reports and False Statements)
A person who makes a false report about a crime or makes false statements, analysis, interpretation or translation at investigations, preliminaries or trials shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 225 (Threatening a Witness)
A person who assaults, threatens, appeases or deceives another to provide a false statement, analysis, interpretation or translation shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 226 (Revenge against a Person Involved in a Case)
A person who beats, assaults, or insults a person involved in a case with the purpose of revenge shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 227 (Harbouring Ordinary Crime)
A person who hides a criminal liable to a penalty of more than a limited term of reform through labour or the evidence of the crime shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person hides a criminal who has committed acts of intentional murder or robbery or the evidence of the crime, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 228 (Failure to Report an Ordinary Crime)
A person who knowingly fails to report a planned or committed robbery of property of the State, intentional murder, or robbery of personal property to the authorities concerned shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 229 (Absconding)
A person who absconds while detained or while serving a penalty shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who absconds after destroying the facilities or committing an assault shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 230 (Bribery)
A person who has received a large bribe shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who has received a particularly large bribe shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 231 (Political Trickery)
A person who has committed acts of political trickery shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who has committed several acts of political trickery or colluded with others or committed extremely grave acts shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 232 (Illegal Disposal or Use of Mortgaged Property)
A person who has illegally disposed or used mortgaged property shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 233 (Unfair Complaint)
A person who causes grave consequences by filing an overstated or fabricated complaint for selfish purposes or ignoble motives shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 234 (Damaging International Standing)
In cases where a citizen of our country has committed an act in another country that damages the international standing of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 8 years.
SECTION 2. CRIMES IN THE PERFORMANCE OF WORK DUTIES
Article 235 (Abuse of Official Authority)
A supervisor who has caused grave consequences by abusing his or her official authority for selfish purposes shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 236 (Exceeding Official Authority)
A supervisor who causes grave consequences by performing acts within the power of a higher ranked person without his or her approval shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 237 (Neglect in Performance of Work Duties)
A supervisor who causes grave consequences by not carrying out or irresponsibly carrying out an order or direction given by a higher ranked person or duties required by his or her work shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 238 (Imposing a Material Burden)
A person who has imposed a material burden through various pretexts such as support, sponsorship, gifts or business guarantee shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In cases where a particularly large material burden has been imposed, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 239 (Violation of Order of Treatment of Complaints and Petitions)
In cases where a supervisor causes grave consequences by stifling a complaint or petition of a citizen or treats it unfairly shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 240 (Damaging Standing of a State Institution)
A supervisor who has committed an unlawful act or has conducted himself or herself incorrectly and damaged the standing of a State institution shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 241 (Illegal Use of Coercive Measures)
A legal worker who illegally arrests, detains or apprehends a person or searches his or her body or home or seizes or confiscates property shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where he or she has performed the acts in the foregoing paragraph several times or has caused grave consequences, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 242 (Overstating or Fabricating a Case)
A legal worker who has used illegal methods to interrogate a person or has overstated or fabricated a case shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where the person has committed the acts in the foregoing paragraph by colluding with others, or has caused a person grave injury or death or caused a person to be unfairly interrogated for criminal liability, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In particularly grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 243 (Illegal Release and Weakening a Case)
A legal worker who has illegally released a criminal or has decreased the weight of a criminal fact shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 244 (Unfair Judgment or Findings)
In cases where a trial worker has made an unfair judgment or findings, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 245 (Failure to Execute a Judgment or Finding)
A person who has failed to execute a final judgment or finding without a lawful reason shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
CHAPTER VII. CRIMES OF VIOLATING THE ORDER OF SOCIALIST COLLECTIVE LIFE
Article 246 (Acts of a Delinquent)
A person who has engaged in the acts of a shameless delinquent shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who has committed several acts of a shameless delinquent or colluded with others shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. A principal agent who has formed a gang and created anxiety and fear in society shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 247 (Gang Fighting)
A person who has engaged in a gang fight as part of a group shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where acts in the foregoing paragraph used a weapon or deadly weapon or caused a person grave injury or death or caused grave consequences such as destroying a large amount of property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 248 (Enticing a Minor to Commit Crime)
A person who entices a person who has not reached the age of 17 years old to commit a crime or to join in on a crime or cause him or her to become a delinquent shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 5 years.
Article 249 (Prostitution)
A person who has engaged in an act of prostitution shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 250 (Obscene Acts)
In cases where several men and women meet to engage in obscene acts, they shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, they shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 251 (Malpractice)
A person who is not a supervisor who pretends to be a supervisor, or a supervisor who pretends to be another supervisor, who commits a socially dangerous act shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 252 (Acting under False Pretense)
A person who pretends to be an inspection or control worker and commits a socially dangerous act shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 253 (Use of Strong Measures)
A person who claims his or her personal or property rights by using strong measures and not in strict accordance with the law shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, they shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 254 (Abuse of Honour or Title)
A person who abuses a State honour or title for selfish purposes and commits a socially dangerous act several times shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 255 (Gambling)
A person who gambles on money or goods shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, they shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 256 (Acts of Superstition)
A person who engages in acts of superstition after receiving money or goods shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has taught several people acts of superstition or has caused grave consequences due to acts of superstition, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 7 years.
Article 257 (Illegal Marriage and Family Breakdown)
A person who has married several subjects or broken another person’s family for ignoble motives such as greed shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 258 (Neglecting the Responsibility to Protect Elderly and Children)
A person who has a duty to protect the elderly, children or people without labour capacity and has caused grave consequences by neglecting his or her responsibility shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 259 (Violating the Order of Care for Elderly)
A person who has caused grave consequences by failing to properly care for the elderly shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 260 (Abuse and Contempt)
A person who is abusive and contemptuous of a person under his or her protection shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where the person under protection becomes a person with disability, or incurs grave injury or dies or commits suicide due to the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 261 (Embezzlement of Found Items)
A person who does not submit found money or goods to State institutions but keeps it shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 262 (Failure to Submit Compensation)
A public servant who does not submit compensation received during a transaction process to a State institution but keeps it shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 263 (Trade in Plundered Goods)
A person who knowingly receives, buys or sells plundered goods shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 264 (Destruction of Graves)
A person who intentionally destroys a grave shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where many graves have been destroyed, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 265 (Failure to Prevent Grave Consequences)
A person who knows that a person is at risk of death or that a particularly large amount of property loss could be incurred, and causes a person to die or causes a particularly large amount of property loss by failing to inform the authorities concerned or a relevant person, or failing to act to save or stop it, shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
CHAPTER IX. CRIMES OF VIOLATING A CITIZEN’S PERSON AND PROPERTY
SECTION 1. CRIMES OF VIOLATING LIFE, HEALTH, CHARACTER
Article 266 (Intentional Murder)
A person who intentionally kills a person for ignoble motives such as greed or jealousy shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to life-term of reform through labour or to the death penalty.
Article 267 (Intentional Manslaughter)
A person who intentionally kills a person without ignoble motives such as greed or jealousy shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 10 years. In grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 268 (Homicide Induced by Fit of Rage)
A person who has killed a person in a fit of rage brought on by the assault or grave insults of the victim shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In cases where a person has killed several people in the acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 8 years.
Article 269 (Homicide beyond Justifiable Self-Defence)
A person who kills by exceeding the limits of self-defence or by exceeding the necessary limits of execution of duties or carrying out activities shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 270 (Involuntary Manslaughter)
A person who negligently kills a person shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person kills several people through negligence shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 271 (Intentional Infliction of Grave Injury)
A person who intentionally inflicts injury to a degree to threaten a person’s life, causes a person to lose functions such as of the eyes or ears, leaves an unsightly scar on the face, causes mental illness, or markedly decreases labour capacity shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In cases where the acts in the foregoing paragraph were inflicted by cruel means or the victim dies or several people suffer grave injury, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 272 (Infliction of Grave Injury Induced by Fit of Rage)
A person who has inflicted grave injury on a person in a fit of rage brought on by the assault or grave insults of the victim shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person caused grave injury to several people in the acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 273 (Negligent Infliction of Grave Injury)
A person who negligently inflicts grave injury on a person shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of the acts of the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 274 (Intentional Infliction of Light Injury)
A person who intentionally inflicts light injury on a person shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 275 (Assault)
A person who assaults a person shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 276 (False Imprisonment)
A person who falsely imprisons a person shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 277 (Stealing or Hiding a Child)
A person who steals or hides a child for selfish purposes or motives of revenge shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has stolen or hidden a child several times or by colluding with others, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 278 (Kidnapping)
A person who kidnaps a person for selfish purposes shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In cases where a person has kidnapped several people, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 279 (Rape)
A person who rapes a woman using assault, threats or helpless status shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In grave cases, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years. In cases where several people have raped a woman in turn or the victim has incurred serious injury or died due to the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 280 (Coercion of Sexual Intercourse with a Woman in a Subordinate Relationship)
A person who coerces a woman in a subordinate relationship to have sexual intercourse shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who does the act in the foregoing paragraph to several women or causes a woman to become depraved or commit suicide shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 281 (Sexual Intercourse with a Minor)
A person who has sexual intercourse with a minor who has not reached the age of 15 years old shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has had sexual intercourse multiple times, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Article 282 (Insult or Defamation)
A person who insults or defames a person shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
SECTION 2. CRIMES OF VIOLATING PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
Article 283 (Theft of Personal Property)
A person who steals personal property shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has stolen a large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years. In cases where a person has stolen a particularly large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 3 years and less than 8 years.
Article 284 (Plunder of Personal Property)
A person who plunders personal property shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has colluded or plundered a large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In cases where a person has plundered a particularly large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 285 (Obtain Personal Property by Deception)
A person who obtains personal property by deception shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has obtained by deception a large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years. In cases where a person has plundered a particularly large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 2 years and less than 7 years.
Article 286 (Embezzlement of Personal Property)
A person who embezzles personal property shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has obtained by deception a large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 4 years. In cases where a person has plundered a particularly large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 4 years and less than 9 years.
Article 287 (Plundering a Large Amount of Personal Property)
In cases where the amount plundered by doing the several acts amounting to Articles 283 to 286 of this law is a large amount, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 4 years.
Article 288 (Robbery of Personal Property)
A person who robs personal property by using violence or threats against a person’s life or health shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 4 years. In cases where the person has robbed personal property several times or has colluded with others, or has used a weapon or deadly to rob, or has robbed a large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 4 years and less than 9 years. In particularly grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 9 years.
Article 289 (Grave Cases of Plundering Personal Property)
In grave cases of acts of plundering personal property, a person shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 10 years.
Article 290 (Intentional Destruction of Personal Property)
A person who intentionally destroys personal property shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a person has destroyed a large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 4 years. In cases where a person has destroyed a particularly large amount of personal property, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 4 years and less than 10 years.
CHAPTER X. CRIMES OF MONEY LAUNDERING AND TERRORISM FINANCING
Article 291 (Illegal Trade, Ownership, Use of Funds)
A person who trades in illegally created funds with the purposes of disguising its source and use, or a person who knowingly owns or uses illegal funds shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years. In cases where a person has traded in, owned or used a particularly large amount of funds, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 2 years and less than 5 years.
Article 292 (Illegally Opening an Account or Entering into a Contract)
A person who illegally opens an account or enters a contract of life insurance or trust shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where a criminal act is fostered due to the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 293 (Failure to Confirm Source and Use of Funds or Identity of Trader)
A person who receives funds of which the legality of the source or use has not been verified or from a person whose identity is not confirmed shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year.
Article 294 (Incinerating or Losing Documents such as Material Confirming a Trade)
A person who causes interference in the work of the supervising institution by losing or incinerating documents such as material confirming a trade before the fixed date for storage shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where grave consequences have been caused due to acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 295 (Failure to Report Suspicious Trade of Funds)
A person who has a duty to report a suspicious trade of funds who discovers such an act but does not report it to the financial data institution in time shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. A person who fails to report a large amount of illegal trades of funds shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 296 (Terrorism Financing and Delivery)
A person who has guaranteed or delivered funds without intentions against the State and by being used by a terrorist organization or its member of another country shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years. In particularly grave cases of the acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of more than 5 years and less than 10 years.
Article 297 (Failure to Cooperate with Investigation)
A person who refuses a request for cooperation with an institution with the authority concerned to investigate money laundering and acts of terrorist financing shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where an act in the foregoing paragraph has caused significant interference in the investigative activities of an institution with the authority concerned, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 298 (Failure to Freeze, Seize, Confiscate Funds)
A person who fails to freeze, seize or confiscate funds that deserve it while investigating money laundering and acts of terrorism financing shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 3 years.
Article 299 (Leakage of Material)
A person who leaks material he or she comes to know in the process of prevention and detection work of money laundering or terrorism financing shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In cases where an act in the foregoing paragraph has caused grave interference the prevention or detection work of money laundering or terrorism financing, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 2 years.
Article 300 (Hiding Money Laundering or Crimes of Terrorism Financing)
A person who has hidden money laundering or crimes of terrorism financing shall be sentenced to a term of short-term labour of less than 1 year. In grave cases of acts in the foregoing paragraph, he or she shall be sentenced to a term of reform through labour of less than 5 years.
Last updated 1 September 2020